{"id":1849,"date":"2024-07-31T01:39:12","date_gmt":"2024-07-30T22:39:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legelaw.com\/?p=1849"},"modified":"2024-07-31T01:40:16","modified_gmt":"2024-07-30T22:40:16","slug":"enerji-performans-sozlesmeleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legelaw.com\/tr\/enerji-performans-sozlesmeleri\/","title":{"rendered":"Enerji Performans S\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

ENERJ\u0130 PERFORMANS S\u00d6ZLE\u015eMELER\u0130 (EPC)<\/strong><\/h1><\/div>
<\/div><\/div>

T\u00fcrkiye 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda Enerji Verimlili\u011fi Kanunu\u2019nu d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir. Bu kanunun ama\u00e7lar\u0131, enerjinin etkin kullan\u0131m\u0131, israf\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi, enerji maliyetlerinin ekonomi \u00fczerindeki y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcn hafifletilmesi ve \u00e7evrenin korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in verimlili\u011fin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 olarak say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Enerji verimlili\u011fi kavram\u0131 ise Kanun\u2019un m.3\/1-k bendinde tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu tan\u0131ma g\u00f6re, enerji verimlili\u011fi, binalarda ya\u015fam standard\u0131 ve hizmet kalitesi; sanayide ise \u00fcretim kalitesi veya miktar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fmeksizin enerji t\u00fcketiminin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Enerji performans s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri, 5627 Say\u0131l\u0131 Enerji Verimlili\u011fi Kanunu\u2019nda tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r: \u201cUygulama projesi sonras\u0131nda sa\u011flanacak enerji tasarruflar\u0131n\u0131n garanti edilmesi ve yap\u0131lan harcamalar\u0131n uygulama sonucu olu\u015facak tasarruflarla \u00f6denmesi esas\u0131na dayanan s\u00f6zle\u015fme.\u201d<\/p>\n

Bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye kamu\/\u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r ba\u015fvurabilir. Ancak hangi sekt\u00f6r taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 fark etmeksizin enerji performans s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinin y\u00fcklenici taraf\u0131n\u0131 her zaman enerji hizmeti \u015firketleri olu\u015fturur. (Bu \u015firketler i\u00e7in uluslararas\u0131 uygulamada ESCO k\u0131saltmas\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131r, bizim mevzuat\u0131m\u0131zda \u2018enerji verimlili\u011fi dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k \u015firketleri\u2019 olarak an\u0131l\u0131r.)<\/p>\n

ESCO, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 \u200b\u200bsermaye maliyetlerinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 veya tamam\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcstlenir ve proje sahibi, sonu\u00e7ta elde edilen kamu hizmeti maliyeti tasarruflar\u0131ndan belirli bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7erisinde ESCO’ya geri \u00f6deme yapar. S\u00f6zle\u015fme sona erdikten sonra proje sahibi enerji, sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131 ve kamu hizmeti maliyetlerinden s\u00fcrekli tasarruf elde eder.<\/p>\n

Enerji Performans S\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri \u00f6zellikle enerji t\u00fcketimi y\u00fcksek olan binalar, tesisler veya end\u00fcstriyel i\u015fletmelerde enerji verimlili\u011fi projelerinin hayata ge\u00e7irilmesi i\u00e7in tercih edilmektedir. Enerji Performans S\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri enerji y\u00f6netimi f\u0131rsatlar\u0131n\u0131 ele almak i\u00e7in b\u00fct\u00fcnsel bir yakla\u015f\u0131m benimser. Enerji tasarrufu \u00f6nlemlerinin sens\u00f6rl\u00fc ve otomatik kapanmal\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ak\u0131\u015fl\u0131 musluklar\u0131n tak\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi \u00f6rnekleri vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

TEMEL \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130<\/p>\n

1)<\/strong> Genellikle Enerji Performans S\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri Projelerinde bir Enerji Hizmeti \u015eirketi yer al\u0131r.(ESCO)<\/p>\n

2) E<\/strong>PS’lerde, enerji tasarrufu garantisi \u00f6nemli bir unsurdur. ESCO, belirli bir miktarda enerji tasarrufu sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 taahh\u00fct eder. E\u011fer bu tasarruf sa\u011flanamazsa, ESCO aradaki fark\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak zorunda kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n

3) <\/strong>EPS projeleri genellikle enerji verimlili\u011fi projelerinin maliyeti, sa\u011flanan enerji tasarruflar\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r. Bu sayede, proje ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sermaye yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 gerektirmez.<\/p>\n

4)<\/strong>Enerji verimlili\u011fi projelerinin performans riski ESCO taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcstlenilir. Proje sahipleri enerji tasarrufu garanti edildi\u011fi i\u00e7in projenin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olma riskini \u00fcstlenmez.<\/p>\n

5)<\/strong> EPS’ler genellikle uzun vadeli s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerdir. S\u00f6zle\u015fme s\u00fcresi boyunca enerji tasarruflar\u0131 izlenir ve garanti edilen tasarruflar elde edilir.<\/p>\n

6)<\/strong>EPS projeleri kapsam\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli enerji verimlili\u011fi \u00f6nlemleri al\u0131nabilir. Bu \u00f6nlemler aras\u0131nda enerji verimli ayd\u0131nlatma, \u0131s\u0131tma ve so\u011futma sistemlerinin iyile\u015ftirilmesi, bina yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131, otomasyon sistemleri ve yenilenebilir enerji sistemleri yer alabilir.<\/p>\n

KAMU TARAFINDAN D\u00dcZENLENEN ENERJ\u0130 PERFORMANS S\u00d6ZLE\u015eMELER\u0130<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bu konu i\u00e7in Kamuda Enerji Performans S\u00f6zle\u015fmelerine \u0130li\u015fkin Usul ve Esaslar Hakk\u0131nda Karar\u00a0(\u201cKarar\u201d) y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmi\u015ftir. Karar\u2019\u0131n hukuki dayana\u011f\u0131n\u0131, kamu idarelerinin enerji performans s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri akdedebilece\u011fini belirten Kanun Ek Madde 1 olu\u015fturur. An\u0131lan ek madde ile kamu idarelerinin bu projeler kapsam\u0131nda yap\u0131lacak ihalelerinde (ceza ve yasaklama h\u00fck\u00fcmleri hari\u00e7) Kamu \u0130hale Kanunu\u2019nun uygulanmayaca\u011f\u0131 belirtilir.<\/p>\n

Karar m.5 ve devam\u0131nda ihale s\u00fcrecinde uygulanacak temel ilkeler d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir, belli e\u015fikler getirilmi\u015ftir. Karar m.5\/2\u2019ye g\u00f6re, yat\u0131r\u0131m bedeli en az iki milyon T\u00fcrk Liras\u0131 olmak zorundad\u0131r ve basit geri \u00f6deme s\u00fcresi en az iki y\u0131l olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6zle\u015fme i\u00e7in \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen azami s\u00fcre ise Karar m.7\/2\u2019ye g\u00f6re on be\u015f y\u0131ld\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kamu idareleri, Enerji Performans S\u00f6zle\u015fmelerini akdederken Kanuna ve ikincil mevzuata uygun hareket etmelidir, ilgili Karar\u2019\u0131n m.6 ve m.8 h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine (\u0130hale s\u00fcrecine ili\u015fkin genel usul ve esaslar ve uygulama d\u00f6nemi, izleme d\u00f6nemi ve tasarruf do\u011frulama faaliyetleri) gibi proje a\u015famalar\u0131n\u0131n mevzuata uygun \u015fekilde d\u00fczenlenmesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

ENERJ\u0130 PERFORMANS S\u00d6ZLE\u015eMELER\u0130 H\u0130ZMET KAPSAMLARI<\/p>\n

1) Kendi kendine finansman<\/p>\n

2) Tasarruf Garantisi<\/p>\n

3) Yal\u0131nl\u0131k<\/p>\n

4) Enerji M\u00fchendisli\u011fi<\/p>\n

5) \u00d6l\u00e7me ve do\u011frulama<\/p>\n

YATIRIM MODELLER\u0130<\/p>\n

1) ESCO MODEL\u0130: ESCO firmalar\u0131, m\u00fc\u015fterilerle EPS yaparak projenin yasal \u00e7er\u00e7evesini \u00e7izer, ama\u00e7 enerji verimlili\u011fini art\u0131rmakt\u0131r. Mevzuata g\u00f6re, bu hizmeti y\u00fcr\u00fctmek i\u00e7in yetki belgesi al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Enerji Verimlili\u011fi Kanunu m.4\/1-t\u2019ye g\u00f6re, \u015firketler e\u011fitim, et\u00fct, dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k ve uygulama faaliyetlerini y\u00fcr\u00fctmek \u00fczere Elektrik \u0130\u015fleri Et\u00fct \u0130daresi Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2019nden yetki belgesi alabilir. \u00dcniversiteler ve meslek odalar\u0131 ise e\u011fitim, yetkilendirme ve izleme faaliyetlerini y\u00fcr\u00fctmek \u00fczere Enerji Verimlili\u011fi Koordinasyon Kurulu\u2019nun onay\u0131yla Elektrik \u0130\u015fleri Et\u00fct \u0130daresi Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2019nden yetki belgesi alabilir.<\/p>\n

2) YAP-\u0130\u015eLET-DEVRET MODEL\u0130<\/p>\n

EPS S\u00dcREC\u0130<\/p>\n

1) \u00d6n Et\u00fct (Haz\u0131rl\u0131k \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131)<\/p>\n

2) EPS S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi<\/p>\n

3) Proje Y\u00f6netimi ve Uygulanmas\u0131<\/p>\n

4) Garantili Tasarruf<\/p>\n

Bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerin avantajlar\u0131:<\/p>\n

1) Proje finansman\u0131 d\u0131\u015f kaynak taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

2) ESCO modelinde, b\u00fct\u00fcn s\u00fcreci ESCO y\u00f6netir (anahtar teslim)<\/p>\n

3) Projenin performans garantisini de ESCO \u00fcstlenir.<\/p>\n

4)Kullan\u0131lan finansman\u0131n geri \u00f6demesi sa\u011flanan tasarrufla yap\u0131l\u0131r<\/p>\n

5)Enerji maliyetleri azal\u0131r<\/p>\n

6)\u0130\u015fletmenin rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fc artar<\/p>\n

7)Risk y\u00f6netimini ESCO Firmas\u0131 \u00fcstlenir<\/p>\n

8)Sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131 ve karbon ayak izi azal\u0131r<\/p>\n

9)\u0130\u015fletme i\u00e7in minimum risk vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

EPS modelinde projenin teknik ve performans riskini ESCO \u00fcstlendi\u011fi i\u00e7in proje kamu idareleri veya \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir kaynak ay\u0131rmadan da yap\u0131labilir bir haldedir. Hatta bu yat\u0131r\u0131ma ili\u015fkin geri \u00f6deme de tasarruf edilen miktar \u00fczerinden yap\u0131l\u0131r ve geri \u00f6deme tamamlan\u0131nca tasarruftan kaynaklanan kar, proje sahibi yani idare ya da \u00f6zel firma \u00fczerinde kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Payla\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 Tasarruf Modeli<\/strong><\/p>\n

1) Projeye ili\u015fkin finansman y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc ESCO \u00fcstlenir.<\/p>\n

2) Verimlili\u011fi art\u0131racak yat\u0131r\u0131m masraflar\u0131n\u0131\u00a0 ESCO projeye aktar\u0131r.<\/p>\n

3) Tedbirler uyguland\u0131ktan sonra tasarruf ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftik\u00e7e ESCO, tasarruf miktar\u0131 \u00fczerinden pay al\u0131r.<\/p>\n

-Bu model, yerel y\u00f6netimler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan avantajl\u0131 olur \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc proje sahibi (idare) pe\u015finen bir bedel yat\u0131rm\u0131yor ve geri \u00f6deme de proje kar\u0131 \u00fczerinden ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor.<\/p>\n

Garantili Tasarruf Modeli<\/strong><\/p>\n

1) Finansman y\u00fck\u00fc proje sahibi \u00fczerindedir (idare\/\u00f6zel firma) Proje sahibi, yat\u0131r\u0131m miktar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015ftan projeye sunar ve bu yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131na ili\u015fkin geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fleri projede \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen tasarruf miktar\u0131 olarak toplar. Proje sahibi, tasarrufun eksik ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesine ili\u015fkin risk \u00fcstlenmez fakat beklenenden fazla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen tasarruftan pay alabilir.<\/p>\n

2) Teknik risk ve proje performans riski ESCO \u00fczerindedir.<\/p>\n

-Bu model, mali yap\u0131 olarak geli\u015fmekte olan ESCOlar ile yap\u0131lan projelerde tercih edilir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc mali olanaklar\u0131 yeterli olmayan ESCO\u2019lar\u0131n finansman y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc ba\u015ftan sa\u011flamas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayabilir.<\/p>\n

***\u201cChauffage\u201d modeli, Avrupa\u2019da kullan\u0131lan yayg\u0131n bir modeldir. Genellikle yirmi-otuz y\u0131l gibi uzun s\u00fcreli olarak kurulur. ESCO, s\u00f6zle\u015fme s\u00fcresince ilgili t\u00fcm bak\u0131m ve i\u015fletimi sa\u011flar. ESCO, \u00fczerinde mutabakata var\u0131lan seviyedeki enerji hizmetini mevcut maliyetten daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir maliyete indirme veya ayn\u0131 maliyette kal\u0131yorsa da daha iyi d\u00fczeyde hizmet sa\u011flama sorumlulu\u011funu \u00fcstlenir. Bunu ne kadar verimli ve ucuza yapabilirse kazanc\u0131 da o kadar y\u00fcksek olur.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1850,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1849","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-tr"],"yoast_head":"\nEnerji Performans S\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri - Lege Law<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde k\u00fcresel bir felaket olarak de\u011ferlendirilen iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin \u00f6nlenmesinin yine k\u00fcresel \u00e7apta ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilecek eylemlerle\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legelaw.com\/tr\/enerji-performans-sozlesmeleri\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Enerji Performans S\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri - 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